Psoriasis is a chronic systemic disease that manifests itself in several different forms, but typically involves skin lesions, rashes, redness, scaling, itching, or inflamed skin.
Caused by the excessive growth of skin cells, psoriasis can affect one body part or a small localized area, but occasionally can be widely distributed or cover large areas. Cyclic patterns occur with the disease, and it can go into remission spontaneously.
Key Scientific Understanding
Evidence suggests that this condition is related to T-cell and neutrophil activity, and therefore psoriasis can be classified as an auto-immune disease.
Topical Applications and Cannabinoid Research
For the purpose of this article, we are focusing on topical applications applied directly to the skin. This would include creams, lotions, oils, patches, or other transdermal delivery methods.
There are over 70 known cannabinoids, the main ones being THC and CBD, but many others exist and have exhibited anti-inflammatory and beneficial therapeutic effects.
The Role of Cannabinoid Receptors
First, it is interesting to note that the skin itself has a high concentration of cannabinoid receptors, as well as the cells in the immune system. CB2 receptors are located on immune blood cells such as monocytes, macrophages, B-cells, and T-cells.
Research Citation
"Cannabinoids are able to inhibit HIF-1 α, VEGF, MMPs, bFGF, IL-8, IL-17, and other mentioned cytokines and adhesion molecules both in vivo and in vitro."
—2017 Norooznezhad et alInhibiting Skin Cell Proliferation
It has been shown that upregulation (stimulation) of the CB1 and CB2 receptors by THC produces suppression of keratinocyte proliferation and inflammation, possibly slowing the growth of skin cells.
Looking Forward
Future research should be focused on the medicinal effectiveness of a balanced THC-CBD dermatologic agent with patients who are suffering from the disease. As state laws change and the stigma surrounding cannabis is lifted, more financial resources and large institutional research will become available.